Gas-burner.



Ru 1 9 1 27 v 0 N d m m P lu M C. G. CRONWALL.

GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2|. 1914.

" FATE CARL G. CBONWALL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-BURNER.

Application filed February 21, 1814. Serial No. 820,112.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CARL G. Cnon WALL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Gas-Burners, of

which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to gas burners, and its object is toremedy several well known deficiencies in current types of burners andto provide certain improvements to the end of eflecting economy in theconsumption of fuel, securing a greater range of adaptability for thevarious conditions of service, and simplifying the care and operation ofburners of this type.

.More particularly the objects of'the 1nvention are to bring the flamefrom the burner into close contact with the bottom of a utensilimmediately after the flame issues. from the burner; to substantlally doaway with the usual pocket of air or choke gas between flame and utensilin one phase of the I The invention consists in the novel fea-' tures,construction, 'comblnatlon and ar-..

rangement of parts as hereinafter described in detail, illustrated inthe accompanying drawing and more particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a vertical section of a burner embodying myinvention.

Fig. 2 is a section taken substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa vertical section representing a modified form of .burner body and amodified form of cap or disk which may be used exchangeably with thedisk shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4c is a section taken substantially on line4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view with the cap orflamespreading disk slightly elevated above normal position to moreclearly show the free annular burner outlet.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

In the several views 2 represents one of the forms of burner body shownand 3 the modified form, each adapted'for the form of. spreader disk lshown in Fig.1 or thedisk 5' shown in Fig. 3, and each having acontracted upper portion 6. In the several forms the mouth or outletfrom the burner is shown as'an annular passage 7, the essential featureof which is that the flow of gas and. flame fromthis outlet isuninterrupted.

or unbroken. In the present illustration I attain this end by su ortingthe disk, cap or spreader 4 or 5 at the center of the outlet, on ahollow spindle 8 in Fig. 1 and a similar spindle 9 in Fig. 3. Thespindle 8 is supported at its lower end preferably by being madeintegral .with the bottom 10 of the body 2, and where additional sunnortis required for the upper end this may take the form of a series ofradial webs 11 and'12 such as similar webs 13, 14, 15' and 16 in Figs.and 4. The upper portion 6, however, is clear of obstructions in thepath of flow of the gas; The body 2 has a side, or

horizontal, gas-inlet in the form of an interiorly threaded hub 17 onsaid body with which'the usual pipe or Bunsen air and, gas. mixer 18 isconnected. On the lower end of the body 3 is a hub 19 that issubstantially concentric with the'mou-th o'r outlet 7 and is similarlythreaded for a connecting pipe 20 or Bunsen mixer. From the center ofthe disk 4 extends a stem 21 andfrom the disk -5 extends a similar stem22 which stems serve to support the respective disks in the hollowspindle 8 or 9L The-under-side of the disk 4 is a flat or planesurface23 curved slightly upward at'the edge, while .the disk 5 has adownwardly curved peripheral edge 24 to produce a sheet of flame in theform of an annular trough 25 between which and a vessel bottom,indicated by the line 26, is substantially imprisoned a ring-formed bodyof air which is designed to serve as a fueleconomizing substitute forthe asbestos mat or other means interposed between the flame and thevessel when milder heat is desired as when cooking milk. In Fig. 1 theflame 27 is 'in close contact with the vessel bottom 28 from the edge ofthe disk 4 to the outer edge of the flame.

The portion 6 of the respective,v burner forms is contracted to providea small sheet of flame suitable for asmall-vessel or cup which flame maybe expanded by simply turning on more gas. The contractedportionfurthermore offers a smaller bodv of metal contact with the flameand the heat from the part is more rapidly dili'used and radiated by itsbeing absorbed by the larger body of metal in the lower portion of theburner body. This protects the burner from the overheating which oftendetrimentally affects the fuel mixture of gas and air. in cases wherethe quality of gas is such that it is desirable to have a screen or wirenetting washer at the mouth of the burner provision is made for same bya groove. 30 in the inner periphery of the portion 6 and a groove 3l inthe outer periphery of the center post or spindle 8 or these groovesserving to hold the annular perforated disk or netting.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3 the vessel is placed on the burner disk, or insuch close proximity as to be substantially on the disk. In the Fig. larrangement this eliminates the usual air space between flame and vesselbottom in which choking gases are formed which reduce the intensity ofthe heat. In some cases, as when heating milk, it is desirable toprevent contact of the flame with the bottom of the vessel containingthe milk. For this purpose it is common to place, say. an asbestos diskor mat under the vessel and between it and the flame, which is a wasteof fuel which I eliminate by interposing a ring of heated air betweenthe flame and the vessel indicated as 32 in Fig. 3. This is accomplishedby directing the sheet of flame downward from the annular outlet 7 andthe air interposed between the flame and the vessel tends to force theflames outer edge to the outer edge of the vessel where it no longer isopposed by a cushion of air between vessel and flame, as indicated bythe flame 25 in Fig. 3. In this instance, too, the length of curve ofthe flame will be determined by the size of the vessel bottom and thevolume of gas and air admitted to the burner.

The disks 4 and 5 spread out over the mouth of the burner like anumbrella and prevent the spilling of foreign matter into the burner orits outlet 7 and if the interior of the burner should in some mannerbecome clogged it can easily be cleaned out by simply lifting the topdisk to freely expose the inlet to the burner. Again by removing the topdisk 4 or 5 the burner is adapted to serve as a torch with a strongvertical flame suitable for rapidly singeing oif the pin feathers on afowl, for heating soldering irons and the like. The continuous sheet offlame, or a flame uninterrupted or split by supports for the topportion, or by issuing out of a series of separate holes, is a greatdeal steadier than the divided flame or series of jets of flame which donot support each other against air currents. In the air which passesbetween such jets and the bottom of a cooking utensil the oxygen isburned out which produces a choke gas that very materially interfereswith the el'l'eetiveness of the flame. The practically imprisoned ringof air 32, on the other hand, is not continually being changed andcooled ofl' by the lngress of cold ail-between the usual flamejets.

In the well known forms of burners recourse must be had to thepluralizing of holes or slots for the egress of the fuel mixture inorder to prevent the flames from entering the burner. By reducing theupper part of the burner chamber I obtain a relative pressure betweenthe large and the small portion of the burner space which obviates thisinterior ignition. This also makes it possible for me to use a.considerably smaller size of burner for a given amount of heatingenergy. The reduction in size of the upper portion also obviates theyellow or white flame so common with old forms of burners due to thefact that the burner is overheated which it is said causes a burning upof the oxygen within the burner or causes a chemical'change whichdeprives the combustion at the proper point ofjits oxygen support. Inthe present form of burner ignition takes place as quickly as possibleafter mixture of air and gas.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters latent- 1. A burner consisting of a comparatively large bodyhaving its upper portion contracted, said upper portion and said bodyeach being of uniform cross section throughout and said upper portionserving as the mouth or outlet from said burner, said mouth having anunobstructedperiphery permitting an unimpeded flow of flame and gases ofcombustion over said periphery, and a cap or plate arranged over saidopening which deflects a sheet of flame laterally of said mouth oroutlet.

2. A burner consisting of a cylindrical lower chamber and a cylindricalupper end, the latter serving as the outlet for said burner, and meanswhich do not offer any obstruction at any point on the periphery of saidoutlet for changing the direction of flow of burning gases issuing outof said opening.

3. A burner comprising a chamber having a contracted upper part withWalls that parallel the Walls of the body of the chamber, said partserving as the outlet, exchangeable caps to be arranged over saidoutlet, and means for supporting either of said caps in the center ofsaid outlet free the edges thereof.

4.. A. burner consisting of a two-part chamber, the lower part beinglarger than the upper, but of the same form, said lower part having agas or fuel inlet thereinto and said upper part having an outlettherefrom,

a combination utensil-supporting plate and flame-deflector, and meansfor supporting the latter through the center of said outlet whereby anannular and unobstructed outlet is provided for said burner.

5. The combination with a burner having an interior chamber providedwith a fuel inlet, a contracted outlet chamber, and a support arrangedin the outlets center, of a plurality of different forms offlame-deflecting plates or caps exchangeably mountable upon saidsupport.

6. The combination in a burner, of a substantially cylindrical chamberhaving a pipe connection leading thereinto, an abruptly contracted upperspace into which said chamber leads and exhausts its fuel, said spacebeing substantially of the same form as said chamber, a cooking-vesselsupporting-plate provided with downwardly curved edges, ,and a centrallymounted spindle within said chamber and space upon which saidsupporting-plate is mounted.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CARL G. CRONWALL. Witnesses:

J N0. H. NELSON, Jr., J. B. BEGHSTROM.

